C++ How to Program, Ninth Edition

8. Pointers

Addresses are given to us to conceal our whereabouts.

—Saki (H. H. Munro)

By indirection find direction out.

—William Shakespeare

Many things, having full reference To one consent, may work contrariously.

—William Shakespeare

You will find it a very good practice always to verify your references, sir!

—Dr. Routh

Objectives

In this chapter you’ll:

• Learn what pointers are.

• Learn the similarities and differences between pointers and references.

• Use pointers to pass arguments to functions by reference.

• Understand the close relationships between pointers and built-in arrays.

• Use pointer-based strings.

• Use built-in arrays.

• Use C++11 capabilities, including nullptr and Standard Library functions begin and end.

Outline