1.1 Virtual Performance: Performing Samples, Performing Synthesis1.1.1 Performance Inputs: Sample-Triggering, Synthesis, and MIDI1.1.2 Point-and-Click Editing1.2 Creating Hip-Hop Sounds: Sampling1.2.1 Technological Constraints, Sample Arrangement, and Sample Phrasing1.2.2 Types of Samples: One-Shots and Continuous Samples1.2.3 Timbre and Arrangement1.2.4 Categorizing Samples: Instrument Families as Conceptual Groups in Sample Arrangement1.3 Synthesizers1.3.1 Synthesizer Types1.3.2 Synths in Modern Hip-Hop1.3.3 Hearing and Creating 808-Style Sounds