CMOS Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design

5	Voltage Regulator, References and Biasing

5.1      INTRODUCTION

The main sub-blocks of analog and mixed-signal integrated circuits, such as amplifiers, oscillators, and data converters require biasing circuitries to bias their transistors. The circuit designated to provide biasing voltages to these transistors is generally known as biasing circuitry. The basic element in the biasing circuitries is a current source and current mirror. The concept of current mirror/source is if we can set both V_GS and V_DS, we can attain the drain current, I_D, or if we can set the I_D and V_GS, then we can attain the V_DS.

Voltage reference or current reference circuits are specifically designed circuits to provide constant voltage or current across the process, ...