1 Functional concurrency foundations

This chapter covers

  • Why you need concurrency
  • Differences between concurrency, parallelism, and multithreading
  • Avoiding common pitfalls when writing concurrent applications
  • Sharing variables between threads
  • Using the functional paradigm to develop concurrent programs

In the past, software developers were confident that, over time, their programs would run faster than ever. This proved true over the years due to improved hardware that enabled programs to increase speed with each new generation.

For the past 50 years, the hardware industry has experienced uninterrupted improvements. Prior to 2005, the processor evolution continuously delivered faster single-core CPUs, until finally reaching the limit ...

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