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Crash Course in Accounting and Financial Statement Analysis, Second Edition
book

Crash Course in Accounting and Financial Statement Analysis, Second Edition

by Matan Feldman, Arkady Libman
February 2007
Intermediate to advanced
288 pages
6h 32m
English
Wiley
Content preview from Crash Course in Accounting and Financial Statement Analysis, Second Edition

Principle 1: Historical Cost

Financial statements report companies’ resources at an initial historical or acquisition cost. Let’s assume a company purchased a piece of land for $1 million 10 years ago. Under GAAP, it will continue to record this original purchase price (typically called book value) even though the market value (referred to as fair value) of this land has risen to $10 million.

Why is such undervaluation of a company’s resources required?

  1. It represents the easiest measurement method without the need for constant appraisal and revaluation. Just imagine the considerable amount of effort and subjectivity required to determine the fair value of all of General Electric’s resources (plants, facilities, land) every year.

  2. Additionally, marking resources up to fair value allows for management discretion and subjectivity, which GAAP attempts to minimize by using historical cost.

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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9780470047019Purchase book