book

Designing Software Architectures: A Practical Approach

Name: Designing Software Architectures: A Practical Approach
ISBN: 9780134390857

by Humberto Cervantes, Rick Kazman

May 2016

Intermediate to advanced

320 pages

7h 37m

English

Addison-Wesley Professional

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Cover Page
About This eBook
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Dedication Page
Preface
Acknowledgments
1. Introduction
1.1 Motivations1.2 Software Architecture1.2.1 The Importance of Software Architecture1.2.2 Life-Cycle Activities1.3 The Role of the Architect1.4 A Brief History of ADD1.5 Summary1.6 Further Reading
2. Architectural Design
2.1 Design in General2.2 Design in Software Architecture2.2.1 Architectural Design2.2.2 Element Interaction Design2.2.3 Element Internals Design2.3 Why Is Architectural Design So Important?2.4 Architectural Drivers2.4.1 Design Purpose2.4.2 Quality Attributes2.4.3 Primary Functionality2.4.4 Architectural Concerns2.4.5 Constraints2.5 Design Concepts: The Building Blocks for Creating Structures2.5.1 Reference Architectures2.5.2 Architectural Design Patterns2.5.3 Deployment Patterns2.5.4 Tactics2.5.5 Externally Developed Components2.6 Architecture Design Decisions2.7 Summary2.8 Further Reading

3. The Architecture Design Process
3.1 The Need for a Principled Method3.2 Attribute-Driven Design 3.03.2.1 Step 1: Review Inputs3.2.2 Step 2: Establish the Iteration Goal by Selecting Drivers3.2.3 Step 3: Choose One or More Elements of the System to Refine3.2.4 Step 4: Choose One or More Design Concepts That Satisfy the Selected Drivers3.2.5 Step 5: Instantiate Architectural Elements, Allocate Responsibilities, and Define Interfaces3.2.6 Step 6: Sketch Views and Record Design Decisions3.2.7 Step 7: Perform Analysis of Current Design and Review Iteration Goal and Achievement of Design Purpose3.2.8 Iterate If Necessary3.3 Following a Design Roadmap According to System Type3.3.1 Design of Greenfield Systems for Mature Domains3.3.2 Design of Greenfield Systems for Novel Domains3.3.3 Design for an Existing System (Brownfield)3.4 Identifying and Selecting Design Concepts3.4.1 Identification of Design Concepts3.4.2 Selection of Design Concepts3.5 Producing Structures3.5.1 Instantiating Elements3.5.2 Associating Responsibilities and Identifying Properties3.5.3 Establishing Relationships Between the Elements3.6 Defining Interfaces3.6.1 External Interfaces3.6.2 Internal Interfaces3.7 Creating Preliminary Documentation During Design3.7.1 Recording Sketches of the Views3.7.2 Recording Design Decisions3.8 Tracking Design Progress3.8.1 Use of an Architectural Backlog3.8.2 Use of a Design Kanban Board3.9 Summary3.10 Further Reading
4. Case Study: FCAPS System
4.1 Business Case4.2 System Requirements4.2.1 Use Case Model4.2.2 Quality Attribute Scenarios4.2.3 Constraints4.2.4 Architectural Concerns4.3 The Design Process4.3.1 ADD Step 1: Review Inputs4.3.2 Iteration 1: Establishing an Overall System Structure4.3.3 Iteration 2: Identifying Structures to Support Primary Functionality4.3.4 Iteration 3: Addressing Quality Attribute Scenario Driver (QA-3)4.4 Summary4.5 Further Reading
5. Case Study: Big Data System
5.1 Business Case5.2 System Requirements5.2.1 Use Case Model5.2.2 Quality Attribute Scenarios5.2.3 Constraints5.2.4 Architectural Concerns5.3 The Design Process5.3.1 ADD Step 1: Review Inputs5.3.2 Iteration 1: Reference Architecture and Overall System Structure5.3.3 Iteration 2: Selection of Technologies5.3.4 Iteration 3: Refinement of the Data Stream Element5.3.5 Iteration 4: Refinement of the Serving Layer5.4 Summary5.5 Further Reading
6. Case Study: Banking System
6.1 Business Case6.1.1 Use Case Model6.1.2 Quality Attribute Scenarios6.1.3 Constraints6.1.4 Architectural Concerns6.2 Existing Architectural Documentation6.2.1 Module View6.2.2 Allocation View6.3 The Design Process6.3.1 ADD Step 1: Review Inputs6.3.2 Iteration 1: Supporting the New Drivers6.4 Summary6.5 Further Reading
7. Other Design Methods
7.1 A General Model of Software Architecture Design7.2 Architecture-Centric Design Method7.3 Architecture Activities in the Rational Unified Process7.4 The Process of Software Architecting7.5 A Technique for Architecture and Design7.6 Viewpoints and Perspectives Method7.7 Summary7.8 Further Reading
8. Analysis in the Design Process
8.1 Analysis and Design8.2 Why Analyze?8.3 Analysis Techniques8.4 Tactics-Based Analysis8.5 Reflective Questions8.6 Scenario-Based Design Reviews8.7 Architecture Description Languages8.8 Summary8.9 Further Reading
9. The Architecture Design Process in the Organization
9.1 Architecture Design and the Development Life Cycle9.1.1 Architecture Design During Pre-Sales9.1.2 Architecture Design During Development and Operation9.2 Organizational Aspects9.2.1 Designing as an Individual or as a Team9.2.2 Using a Design Concepts Catalog in Your Organization9.3 Summary9.4 Further Reading
10. Final Words
10.1 On the Need for Methods10.2 Next Steps10.3 Further Reading
A. A Design Concepts Catalog
A.1 Reference ArchitecturesA.1.1 Web ApplicationsA.1.2 Rich Client ApplicationsA.1.3 Rich Internet ApplicationsA.1.4 Mobile ApplicationsA.1.5 Service ApplicationsA.2 Deployment PatternsA.2.1 Nondistributed DeploymentA.2.2 Distributed DeploymentA.2.3 Performance Patterns: Load-Balanced ClusterA.3 Architectural Design PatternsA.3.1 Structural PatternsA.3.2 Interface PartitioningA.3.3 ConcurrencyA.3.4 Database AccessA.4 TacticsA.4.1 Availability TacticsA.4.2 Interoperability TacticsA.4.3 Modifiability TacticsA.4.4 Performance TacticsA.4.5 Security TacticsA.4.6 Testability TacticsA.4.7 Usability TacticsA.5 Externally Developed ComponentsA.5.1 Spring FrameworkA.5.2 Swing FrameworkA.5.3 Hibernate FrameworkA.5.4 Java Web Start FrameworkA.6 SummaryA.7 Further Reading
B. Tactics-Based Questionnaires
B.1 Using the QuestionnairesB.2 AvailabilityB.3 InteroperabilityB.4 ModifiabilityB.5 PerformanceB.6 SecurityB.7 TestabilityB.8 UsabilityB.9 DevOpsB.10 Further Reading
Glossary
About the Authors
Index

Content preview from Designing Software Architectures: A Practical Approach

1. Introduction

In this chapter we provide an introduction to the topic of software architecture. We briefly discuss what architecture is and why it is fundamental to take it into account when developing software systems. We also discuss the different activities that are associated with the development of software architecture so that architectural design—which is the primary topic of this book—can be understood in the context of these activities. We also briefly discuss the role of the architect, who is the person responsible for creating the design. Finally, we introduce the Attribute-Driven Design (ADD) method, the architecture design method that we will discuss extensively in this book.

1.1 Motivations

Our goal in this book is to teach you ...

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Designing Software Architectures: A Practical Approach

by Humberto Cervantes, Rick Kazman