book

Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, 6th Edition

by H. Scott Fogler

July 2020

Intermediate to advanced

1088 pages

36h 25m

English

Pearson

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A. Who Is the Intended Audience?B. What Are the Goals of This Book?C. What Is the Structure of CRE?D. What Are the Components of the CRE Web Site?E. Why Do We Assign Homework Problems?F. Are There Other Web Site Resources?G. How Can One’s Critical Thinking and Creative Thinking Skills Be Enhanced? (http://umich.edu/~scps/html/probsolv/strategy/crit-n-creat.htm)H. What’s New in This Edition?I. How Do I Say Thank You?
1.1 The Rate of Reaction, –rA1.2 The General Mole Balance Equation (GMBE)1.3 Batch Reactors (BRs)1.4 Continuous-Flow Reactors1.5 Industrial Reactors1.6 And Now... A Word from Our Sponsor–Safety 1 (AWFOS–S1 Safety)SummaryCRE Web Site MaterialsQuestions, Simulations, and ProblemsSupplementary Reading
2.1 Definition of Conversion2.2 Batch Reactor Design Equations2.3 Design Equations for Flow Reactors2.4 Sizing Continuous-Flow Reactors2.5 Reactors in Series2.6 Some Further Definitions2.7 And Now… A Word from Our Sponsor–Safety 2 (AWFOS–S2 The NFPA Diamond)SummaryCRE Web Site MaterialsQuestions and ProblemsSupplementary Reading

3.1 Basic Definitions3.2 The Rate Law3.3 The Reaction-Rate Constant3.4 Molecular Simulations3.5 Present Status of Our Approach to Reactor Sizing and Design3.6 And Now... A Word from Our Sponsor–Safety 3 (AWFOS–S3 The GHS Diamond)SummaryCRE Web Site MaterialsQuestions, Simulations, and ProblemsSupplementary Reading
4.1 Batch Reactors (BRs)4.2 Flow Systems4.3 Reversible Reactions and Equilibrium Conversion4.4 And Now... A Word from Our Sponsor–Safety 4 (AWFOS–S4 The Swiss Cheese Model)SummaryCRE Web Site Materials (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/04chap/obj.html#/)Questions and ProblemsQuestionsComputer Simulations and ExperimentsInteractive Computer GamesProblemsSupplementary Reading
5.1 Design Structure for Isothermal Reactors5.2 Batch Reactors (BRs)5.3 Continuous-Stirred Tank Reactors (CSTRs)5.4 Tubular Reactors5.5 Pressure Drop in Reactors5.6 Synthesizing the Design of a Chemical Plant5.7 And Now… A Word from Our Sponsor–Safety 5 (AWFOS–S5 A Safety Analysis of the Incident Algorithm)SummaryODE Solver AlgorithmCRE Web Site MaterialsQuestions, Simulations, and ProblemsSupplementary Reading
6.1 The Moles and Molar Flow Rate Balance Algorithms6.2 Mole Balances on CSTRs, PFRs, PBRs, and Batch Reactors6.3 Application of the PFR Molar Flow Rate Algorithm to a Microreactor6.4 Membrane Reactors6.5 Unsteady-State Operation of Stirred Reactors6.6 Semibatch Reactors6.7 And Now… A Word from Our Sponsor–Safety 6 (AWFOS–S6 The BowTie Diagram)SummaryODE Solver AlgorithmCRE Web Site MaterialsQuestions, Simulations, and ProblemsSupplementary Reading
7.1 The Algorithm for Data Analysis7.2 Determining the Reaction Order for Each of Two Reactants Using the Method of Excess7.3 Integral Method7.4 Differential Method of Analysis7.5 Nonlinear Regression7.6 Reaction-Rate Data from Differential Reactors7.7 Experimental Planning7.8 And Now… A Word from Our Sponsor–Safety 7 (AWFOS–S7 Laboratory Safety)SummaryCRE Web Site MaterialsQuestions, Simulations, and ProblemsSupplementary Reading
8.1 Definitions8.2 Algorithm for Multiple Reactions8.3 Parallel Reactions8.4 Reactions in Series8.5 Complex Reactions8.6 Membrane Reactors to Improve Selectivity in Multiple Reactions8.7 Sorting It All Out8.8 The Fun Part8.9 And Now… A Word from Our Sponsor–Safety 8 (AWFOS–S8 The Fire Triangle)SummaryCRE Web Site MaterialsQuestions, Simulations, and ProblemsSupplementary Reading
9.1 Active Intermediates and Nonelementary Rate Laws9.2 Enzymatic Reaction Fundamentals9.3 Inhibition of Enzyme Reactions9.4 Bioreactors and Biosynthesis9.5 And Now… A Word from Our Sponsor–Safety 9 (AWFOS–S9 Process Safety Triangle)SummaryCRE Web Site MaterialsQuestions, Simulations, and ProblemsSupplementary Reading
10.1 Catalysts10.2 Steps in a Catalytic Reaction10.3 Synthesizing a Rate Law, Mechanism, and Rate-Limiting Step10.4 Heterogeneous Data Analysis for Reactor Design10.5 Reaction Engineering in Microelectronic Fabrication10.6 Model Discrimination10.7 Catalyst Deactivation10.8 Reactors That Can Be Used to Help Offset Catalyst DecayComparison of Model with Industrial Data10.9 And Now… A Word from Our Sponsor–Safety 10 (AWFOS–S10 Exxon Mobil Torrance Refinery Explosion Involving a Straight–Through Transport Reactor [STTR])SummaryODE Solver AlgorithmCRE Web Site MaterialsQuestions, Simulations, and ProblemsProblemsSupplementary Reading
11.1 Rationale11.2 The Energy Balance11.3 The User-Friendly Energy Balance Equations11.4 Adiabatic Operation ∴ Q = 011.5 Adiabatic Equilibrium Conversion11.6 Reactor Staging with Interstage Cooling or Heating11.7 Optimum Feed Temperature11.8 And Now… A Word from Our Sponsor–Safety 11 (AWFOS–S11 Acronyms)SummaryCRE Web Site MaterialsQuestions, Simulations, and ProblemsSupplementary Reading
12.1 Steady-State Tubular Reactor with Heat Exchange12.2 Balance on the Heat-Transfer Fluid12.3 Examples of the Algorithm for PFR/PBR Design with Heat Effects12.4 CSTR with Heat Effects12.5 Multiple Steady States (MSS)12.6 Nonisothermal Multiple Chemical Reactions12.7 Radial and Axial Temperature Variations in a Tubular Reactor12.8 And Now... A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 12 (AWFOS–S12 Safety Statistics)SummaryCRE Web Site Materials (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/12chap/obj.html#/)Questions, Simulations, and ProblemsSupplementary Reading
13.1 The Unsteady-State Energy Balance13.2 Energy Balance on Batch Reactors (BRs)13.3 Batch and Semibatch Reactors with a Heat Exchanger13.4 Nonisothermal Multiple Reactions13.5 And Now… A Word from Our Sponsor–Safety 13 (AWFOS–S13 Safety Analysis of the T2 Laboratories Incident)SummaryCRE Web Site Materials (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/13chap/obj.html#/)Questions, Simulations, and ProblemsSupplementary Reading
14A Mass Transfer Fundamentals14.1 Diffusion Fundamentals14.2 Binary Diffusion14.3 Modeling Diffusion with Chemical Reaction14.4 The Mass Transfer Coefficient14B Applications14.5 Mass Transfer to a Single Particle14.6 The Shrinking Core Model14C Packed-Bed Applications14.7 Mass Transfer-Limited Reactions in Packed Beds14.8 Robert the Worrier14.9 What If . . . ? (Parameter Sensitivity)14.10 And Now… A Word from Our Sponsor—Safety 14 (AWFOS–S14 Sugar Dust Explosion)SummaryCRE Web Site MaterialsQuestions, Simulations, and ProblemsSupplementary Reading
15.1 Diffusion and Reactions in Homogeneous Systems15.2 Diffusion and Reactions in Spherical Catalyst Pellets15.3 The Internal Effectiveness Factor15.4 Falsified Kinetics15.5 Overall Effectiveness Factor15.6 Estimation of Diffusion- and Reaction-Limited Regimes15.7 Mass Transfer and Reaction in a Packed Bed15.8 Determination of Limiting Situations from Reaction-Rate Data15.9 Multiphase Reactors in the Professional Reference Shelf15.10 Fluidized Bed Reactors15.11 Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)15.12 And Now… A Word From Our Sponsor–Safety 15 (AWFOS–S15 Critical Thinking Questions Applied to Safety)SummaryCRE Web Site Materials (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/15chap/obj.html#/)Questions, Simulations, and ProblemsSupplementary Reading
16.1 General Considerations16.2 Measurement of the RTD16.3 Characteristics of the RTD16.4 RTD in Ideal Reactors16.5 PFR/CSTR Series RTD16.6 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting16.7 And Now… A Word from Our Sponsor–Safety 16 (AWFOS–S16 Critical Thinking Actions)SummaryCRE Web Site MaterialsQuestions, Simulations, and ProblemsSupplementary Reading
17.1 Modeling Nonideal Reactors Using the RTD17.2 Zero Adjustable Parameter Models17.3 Using Software Packages Such as Polymath to Find Maximum Mixedness Conversion17.4 Tanks-in-Series One Parameter Model, n17.5 RTD and Multiple Reactions17.6 And Now… A Word from Our Sponsor–Safety 17 (AWFOS–S17 Brief Case History on an Air Preheater)SummaryCRE Web Site MaterialsQuestions, Simulations, and ProblemsSupplementary Reading
18.1 Some Guidelines for Developing Models18.2 Flow and Axial Dispersion of Inert Tracers in Isothermal Reactors18.3 Flow, Reaction, and Axial Dispersion18.4 Flow, Reaction, and Axial Dispersion in Isothermal Laminar-Flow Reactors and Finding Meno18.5 Tanks-in-Series Model versus Dispersion Model18.6 Numerical Solutions to Flows with Dispersion and Reaction18.7 Nonisothermal Flow with Radial and Axial Variations in a Tubular Reactor18.8 Two-Parameter Models—Modeling Real Reactors with Combinations of Ideal Reactors18.9 And Now… A Word from Our Sponsor–Safety 18 (AWFOS–S18 An Algorithm for Management of Change (MoC))SummaryCRE Web Site MaterialsQuestions, Simulations, and ProblemsSupplementary Reading
A.1 Useful Integrals in Chemical Reactor DesignA.2 Equal-Area Graphical DifferentiationA.3 Solutions to Differential EquationsA.3.B Coupled Differential EquationsA.3.C Second-Order Ordinary Differential EquationsA.4 Numerical Evaluation of IntegralsA.5 Semi-Log GraphsA.6 Software Packages
Ideal Gas ConstantVolume of Ideal GasVolumeLengthPressureEnergy (Work)TemperatureMassViscosityForcePressureWorkTime Rate of Change of Energy with Time (Power)Gravitational Conversion Factor
D.1 PolymathD.2 WolframD.3 PythonD.4 MATLABD.5 ExcelD.6 COMSOL (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/12chap/comsol.html)D.7 AspenD.8 Visual Encyclopedia of Equipment—Reactors SectionD.9 Reactor Lab
G.1 ChemE CarG.2 Effective Lubricant DesignG.3 Peach Bottom Nuclear ReactorG.4 Underground Wet OxidationG.5 Hydrodesulfurization Reactor DesignG.6 Continuous BioprocessingG.7 Methanol SynthesisG.8 Cajun Seafood GumboG.9 Alcohol MetabolismG.10 Methanol PoisoningG.11 Safety
H.1 Computational Chemical Reaction Engineering
I.1 CRE Web Resources Components

Content preview from Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, 6th Edition

A. Numerical Techniques

Lake Michigan—unsalted and shark-free.

A.1 Useful Integrals in Chemical Reactor Design

Also see www.integrals.com.

$\begin{matrix} \int_{0}^{χ} \frac{d x}{1 - x} = \ln \frac{1}{1 - x} & (A-1) \end{matrix}$

$\begin{matrix} \int_{x_{1}}^{x_{2}} \frac{d x}{(1 - x)^{2}} = \frac{1}{1 - x_{2}} - \frac{1}{1 - x_{1}} & (A-2) \end{matrix}$

$\begin{matrix} \int_{0}^{x} \frac{d x}{(1 - x)^{2}} = \frac{χ}{1 - x} & (A-3) \end{matrix}$

$\begin{matrix} \int_{0}^{x} \frac{d x}{1 + ɛ x} = \frac{1}{ɛ} \ln (1 + ɛ x) & (A-4) \end{matrix}$

$\begin{matrix} \int_{0}^{x} \frac{(1 + ɛ x) d x}{1 - x} = (1 + ɛ) \ln \frac{1}{1 - x} - ɛ x & (A-5) \end{matrix}$

$\begin{matrix} \int_{0}^{x} \frac{(1 + ɛ x) d x}{(1 - x)^{2}} = \frac{(1 + ɛ) x}{1 - x} - ɛ \ln \frac{1}{1 - x} & (A-6) \end{matrix}$

$\begin{matrix} \int_{0}^{x} \frac{(1 + ɛ x)^{2} d x}{(1 - x)^{2}} = 2 ɛ (1 + ɛ) \ln (1 - x) + ɛ^{2} x + \frac{(1 + ɛ)^{2} x}{1 - x} & (A-7) \end{matrix}$

$\begin{matrix} \begin{matrix} \int_{0}^{x} \frac{d x}{(1 - x) (Θ_{B} - x)} = \frac{1}{Θ_{B} - 1} In \frac{Θ_{B} - x}{Θ_{B} (1 - x)} & Θ_{B} \neq 1 \end{matrix} & (A-8) \end{matrix}$

$\begin{matrix} \int_{0}^{W} (1 - α W)^{1 / 2} d W = \frac{2}{3 α} [1 - (1 - α W)^{3 / 2}] & (A-9) \end{matrix}$

$\begin{matrix} \int_{0}^{x} \frac{d x}{a x^{2} + b x + c} = \frac{- 2}{2 a x + b} + \frac{2}{b} & for b^{2} = 4 a c (A-10) \end{matrix}$

$\begin{matrix} \int_{0}^{x} \frac{d x}{a x^{2} + b x + c} = \frac{1}{a (p - q)} \ln (\frac{q}{p} \cdot \frac{x - p}{x - q}) & for b^{2} > 4 a c (A-11) \end{matrix}$

where p and q are the roots of the equation.

$\begin{matrix} \begin{matrix} \begin{matrix} {a x}^{2} + b x + c = 0, & that is, p, q \end{matrix} = \frac{- b \bar{+} \sqrt{b^{2} - 4 a c}}{2 a} \\ \int_{0}^{x} \frac{a + b x}{c + g x} d x = \frac{b x}{g} + \frac{a g - b c}{g^{2}} In \frac{c + g x}{c} \end{matrix} & (A-12) \end{matrix}$