2.1 Introduction2.2 Aggregated ESS2.3 Distributed ESS2.4 Energy Management (Load Leveling and Peak Shifting)2.5 Fluctuation Suppression (Intermittency Mitigation)2.6 Uninterruptible Power System (UPS)2.7 Low-Voltage Ride Through2.8 Placement of the ESS to Improve Power Quality2.9 Voltage Regulation Using ESS2.10 ESS as Spinning Reserve2.11 Case Study: Operating Reserves Using ESSReferences