
358 Foundations of Semantic Web Technologies
stands for Document Type Definition. DTDs are less expressive than XML
Schema, and in fact DTDs can be translated to XML Schema. Specifics are
contained in the W3C d ocument on XML.
4
A.3.1 Elements, Attributes, and Datatypes
An XML Schema document is a well-formed XML document which contains
XML schema definitions. An XML schema definition is an XML element with
an opening tag like
<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
The attribute xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" is a so-
called namespace declaration, and we say more about them in Section 2.2.
For now, let us simply note that