July 2019
Intermediate to advanced
458 pages
12h 12m
English
The last layer, the application layer, sums up the last three levels of OSI—session, presentation, and application. This layer defines the architecture used by the applications, such as peer-to-peer or client and server, and the protocols used by the applications, such as SSH, HTTP, or SMTP. Each process is an address with a virtual endpoint of communication called port.
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