July 2024
Intermediate to advanced
1032 pages
36h 33m
English
Content preview from Information Modeling and Relational Databases, 3rd Edition
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12.9 SQL: Scalar Operators and Bag Functions
A scalar is a data value (e.g., a number, string, or date). This section provides a brief discussion of the scalar operators and bag functions available in SQL-89 as well as some of the further operators and functions included in later versions.
In SQL-89, the scalar operators are the four arithmetic operators +, −, *, and /. As unary operators, + and − provide the sign of the number (e.g., +3 or −3). If omitted, + is assumed (e.g., 3 = +3). As binary operators, + and − perform addition and subtraction. The binary operators * and / perform multiplication and division; they have no unary version. Each is a number-forming operator on numbers. Their operands may appear as column names, constants, function ...
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