IPv6 Address Planning

IPv6 Address Planning

by Tom Coffeen
Released November 2014
Publisher(s): O'Reilly Media, Inc.
ISBN: 9781491902769

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Book description

If you’re ready to join the move to IPv6, this comprehensive guide gets you started by showing you how to create an effective IPv6 address plan. In three example-driven sections—preparation, design, and maintenance—you’ll learn principles and best practices for designing, deploying, and maintaining an address plan far beyond what’s possible with IPv4 networks.

During the course of the book, you’ll walk through the process of building a sample address plan for a fictional company. Enterprise IT network architects, engineers, and administrators will see firsthand how IPv6 provides opportunities for creating an operationally efficient plan that’s scalable, flexible, extensible, manageable, and durable.

  • Explore IPv6 addressing basics, including representation, structure, and types
  • Manage risks and costs by using a three-phase approach for deploying IPv6
  • Dig into IPv6 subnetting methods and learn how they differ from IPv4
  • Determine the appropriate size and type of the IPv6 allocation you require
  • Apply current network management tools to IPv6
  • Use IPv6 renumbering methods that enable greater network scale and easier integration
  • Implement policies and practices to keep IPv6 addresses reachable

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Table of contents

  1. Foreword
  2. Dedication
  3. Preface
    1. Who Should Read This Book
    2. Why I Wrote This Book
    3. Navigating This Book
      1. Part I
        1. Chapter 1, Where We’ve Been, Where We’re Going
        2. Chapter 2, What You Need to Know About IPv6 Addressing
        3. Chapter 3, Planning Your IPv6 Deployment
        4. Chapter 4, IPv6 Subnetting
      2. Part II
        1. Chapter 5, IPv6 Address Planning Concepts
        2. Chapter 6, Getting IPv6 Addresses
        3. Chapter 7, Creating an IPv6 Addressing Plan
      3. Part III
        1. Chapter 8, Working with IPAM and DDI
        2. Chapter 9, Managing Growth and Change
        3. Chapter 10, Keeping Your IPv6 Addresses Reachable
    4. Conventions Used in This Book
    5. Safari® Books Online
    6. How to Contact Us
    7. Technical Reviewers
    8. Acknowledgments
  4. 1. Where We’ve Been, Where We’re Going
    1. Introduction
    2. All the Stars in the Universe…
    3. In the Beginning
    4. A Dilemma of Scale
    5. IPv4 Exhaustion and NAT
    6. IPv6 Arrives
    7. Why Not a “Flag Day” for IPv6?
    8. Conclusion
  5. I. Preparation
    1. 2. What You Need to Know About IPv6 Addressing
      1. Representation
      2. Structure
      3. Types
        1. Unicast Addresses
        2. Multicast Addresses
        3. Anycast Addresses
        4. The Unspecified Address
      4. Protocol Improvements
      5. Subnetting Host Bits
        1. Loopback Addresses
        2. Point-to-Point Link Subnets
      6. Host Address Assignment
      7. The Problem with NAT
      8. Practical Example: Production Loopback Addresses
    2. 3. Planning Your IPv6 Deployment
      1. Introduction
      2. The IPv6 Business Case You Already Have
      3. IPv6 Adoption as a Cross-Functional Initative
      4. A Phased Approach to IPv6 Adoption
      5. Phase 1: Preparation
        1. Management Buy-in
        2. Training
        3. Creating an IPv6 Task Force
        4. Auditing Hardware and Software for IPv6 Support
        5. Verifying That Your ISP Supports IPv6
        6. Obtaining an IPv6 Address Allocation
      6. Phase 2: External Adoption
        1. Dual-Stack Eyeballs Are Happy Eyeballs
      7. Phase 3: Internal Adoption
        1. Reliance on NAT
        2. IPv6 Business Case Redux
        3. IPv6 (In)Security
        4. Internal Adoption and Operational Wisdom
  6. II. Design
    1. 4. IPv6 Subnetting
      1. Introduction
      2. Subnetting IPv4: A Brief Review
      3. A Note on Efficiency
      4. Nibble Boundaries
      5. Prefix Legibility
      6. Visualizing Hierarchy
      7. Non-Nibble Subnetting
      8. A Bit to the Left, a Bit to the Right
        1. Subnets from the Right-Most Bits
        2. Subnets from the Left-Most Bits
        3. Subnets from the Middle Bits
      9. Using Only Numeric Subnets
      10. ipv6gen
    2. 5. IPv6 Address Planning Concepts
      1. Introduction
      2. IPv6 Address Planning Principles
        1. Properly-Sized Initial IPv6 Allocations
        2. Sparse Assignment of Subnets
        3. Hierarchical Organization of Subnets
        4. Uniform Subnetting and Summarization
        5. Subnets in Reserve
      3. Why Don’t I Use My Existing IPv4 Plan in IPv6?
      4. Address Plan Structure
      5. What Is a Site?
      6. Intra-Site Versus Inter-Site Planning
      7. IPv6 Allocation Methods
        1. Best-Fit Allocation
        2. Sparse Allocation
        3. N+1 Allocation
        4. Random Allocation
      8. Assigning Subnets by Location or Function
      9. VLAN-Mapped IPv6 Addresses
      10. Summary
    3. 6. Getting IPv6 Addresses
      1. Introduction
      2. The IP Address Supply Chain
      3. So Where Will Your IPv6 Addresses Come From?
        1. How Many ISPs Do You Connect To?
        2. How Large Is Your Organization?
        3. So Why Doesn’t Everyone Just Get a PI Allocation?
      4. Everything You Didn’t Realize You Wanted to Know About RIR Policy
      5. Measuring IPv6 Address Consumption
      6. Determining Initial Allocation Size
      7. Navigating the IPv6 Address Request Process
        1. RIR Allocation Request
        2. ISP Allocation Request
      8. Summary
    4. 7. Creating an IPv6 Addressing Plan
      1. Introduction
      2. Meet Strangelove Solutions, LLC
        1. Edge Network
        2. Campus Network
        3. Lab Network
        4. Data Center Network
        5. Infrastructure
      3. Where to Start: Topology or Plan?
      4. Mapping Topology to Plan Between Sites
      5. Mapping Plan to Topology Within Sites
      6. Function and Location Assignment Revisited
        1. Assigning Function and Location
      7. Addressing the Data Center
      8. Summary
  7. III. Maintenance
    1. 8. Working with IPAM and DDI
      1. Introduction
      2. IP Address Management
        1. IPAM as a Cornerstone of Network Management
        2. Why More Than 1.8x1019 Addresses Aren’t a Substitute for Proper IPAM Addresses Aren’t a Substitute for Proper IPAM
        3. IPAM Policy
        4. IPAM Features
      3. Example: Using IPAM Software
        1. Adding an IPv6 Prefix
        2. Splitting an IPv6 Prefix
        3. Creating Reverse-Mapping DNS Zones
      4. DDI: IPAM with 200% More Goodness
      5. Managing DHCPv6 and IPv6 DNS
      6. DHCPv6 Basics
        1. Configuring DHCPv6 in DDI
        2. DHCPv6 Challenges
          1. DUID versus MAC
      7. IPv6 DNS Considerations in DDI
        1. IPv6 DNS Basics
        2. Configuring IPv6 DNS in DDI
      8. Summary
    2. 9. Managing Growth and Change
      1. Introduction
      2. Renumerology: IP Renumbering Made Easy…(or Somewhat Less Painful)
        1. The Lifetime and State of an Autoconfigured Address
        2. Preparing to Renumber
          1. An IPv6 renumbering checklist
          2. Address abstraction
          3. Address lifetimes and DNS TTLs
        3. The Renumbering Method
        4. Frequent Renumbering
      3. Unplanned Growth
      4. An Address in Cloud City
      5. The Internet of Things
        1. Characteristics of IoT Devices
        2. IPv6 Address Planning for IoT Deployments
        3. Three Suggestions for IoT IPv6 Address Assignments
      6. Summary
    3. 10. Keeping Your IPv6 Addresses Reachable
      1. Introduction
      2. Routing with IPv6
      3. Selecting Your IPv6 Routing Protocol(s)
        1. Operational Continuity
        2. Distance Vector and Link State Routing Protocols
      4. Dual-Stack…but Not Necessarily Dual Topology
        1. IS-IS for IPv6: Single-topology or Multi-topology Mode
        2. OSPFv3 Address Families
        3. MP-BGP
      5. Routing Table Size and TCAM Space
        1. RIB versus FIB
      6. Mars Needs IP Address Blocks
        1. Attack of the Bogons!
        2. Filtering Bogons
      7. Summary
    4. Glossary
    5. A. Planning Worksheets
    6. B. IPv6 Prefix Maps
    7. C. Recommended Reading
  8. Index
  9. Colophon
  10. Copyright

Product information

  • Title: IPv6 Address Planning
  • Author(s): Tom Coffeen
  • Release date: November 2014
  • Publisher(s): O'Reilly Media, Inc.
  • ISBN: 9781491902769