November 2019
Beginner to intermediate
406 pages
9h 21m
Chinese
Content preview from Java持续交付
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282
｜
第
11
章
功能性测试：正确和接受度
ID
。在这种情况下，使用
mock
不仅是为了方便，而且是必需的。
芝加哥学派与伦敦学派
尽管这些术语可能并不常见，但是这些方法的另一种表述是，使用芝加哥（或者
有时是底特律）学派来指代交互型单元测试，而使用伦敦学派指代独立型单元测试。
事实上，独立型（伦敦学派）单元测试在很大程度上依赖于使用
mock
框架，
Java
中许多流行的
mock
框架（例如，
Mockito
、
jMock
或者
WireMock
）在伦敦（
United
Kingdom
）都扎根很深。如果你对这些方法及其名称的历史感兴趣，请参考
Martin
Fowler
编写的
Mocks Aren’t Stubs
（
http://bit.ly/2kuR98s
）， 或 者
Jason Gorman
编写
的
Classic TDD or
“
London School
”？等文章（
http://bit.ly/2OdRWwF
）。
处理不可预知的测试
随着外部依赖数量的增加，出错的可能性也会增加。有时会让大范围的测试变得无法预
知，没有任何明显导致失败的原因，也没有任何补救的恢复措施。而且影响的范围越大，
无法预知结果的可能性越大。这其实比听上去更危险，因为它会慢慢让开发人员不再认
真对待失败的测试，很快就会养成在调查失败原因之前，先重复运行几次测试的习惯，
从而推迟了问题的解决。
事实是，虽然使用的技术和遇到的问题不同，但是这类脆弱性问题的大多数都可以通过
正确的方式来解决。虽然这些内容足够再写一本书，但是我们可以在这里讨论一些常见
的方法。 ...
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.