We are now dealing with objects that are not part of the Core JavaScript, but are provided by the environment of the web page, through its (Application Programming Interface [API]) programming interface. The tree structure of the HTML document, known as DOM (Document Object Model) is equipped with tools to handle the DOM elements and the associated events. The browser provides objects for handling the DOM, and other objects, for persistent storage (Cookies and Local Storage), for background tasks (Workers), for external requests via the HTTP protocol, the XmlHTTPRequest object, or the global function Fetch, which leads us also to present asynchronous processing.
We are at the interface between the “Core JS” embedded in the browser and the client-specific features: the APIs linked to HTML and to HTTP.
Core JavaScript objects and the objects of the environment
The ecosystem of the web page compounds three languages, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and an HTTP protocol. Here is a short reminder, with comments on what may impact the JavaScript code:
– HTML dealing with the page content structure and semantics
A modern application adopts HTML5. What is fundamental to learn is the DOM. The following chapters will explain the tree structure and how to interact with it.
– CSS dealing with positioning and the cosmetics of DOM elements
A modern application adopts CSS2.1, ...
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