Steel
Arguably, one of the most important materials in the world is steel, which strikes the balance between strength, easy forming and being very cheap. Steel is a material that evokes associations with heavy industry, but to really understand steel and its value to the world, one should think of it as a raw material from which a whole range of derivatives, with different nuances, can be formed.
Steel is obtained by alloying iron with small amounts of carbon. It is the inclusion of carbon in varying degrees and the way oxygen is allowed to escape during processing that determines the properties of the vast number of grades of steel that can be formed. These steel grades can be broadly split into two main groups: carbon steels and alloy steels. ...
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