Preface to the second edition

The volume of research into the genetics of common diseases has exploded over the last 25 years. While many genetic variants related to various diseases have been identified, their usefulness may lie more in what they offer to our understanding of the biological mechanisms leading to disease rather than to, for example, predicting disease risk. To understand mechanisms, we need to separate the relationships of risk factors with diseases into those that are causal and those that are not. This is where Mendelian randomization can play an important role.

The technique of Mendelian randomization itself has undergone rapid development, mostly in the last 15 years, and applications now abound in medical and epidemiological ...

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