
3
Sequential State Estimation
The advancement and perfection of mathematics are intimately con-
nected with the prosperity of the State.
—Napoleon
I
n the developments of the previous chapters, estimation concepts are formulated
and applied to systems whose measured variables are related to the estimated pa-
rameters by algebraic equations. The present chapter extends these results to allow
estimation of parameters embedded in the model of a dynamic system,wherethe
model usually includes both algebraic and differential equations. We will find that
the sequential estimation results of §1.3 and the probability concepts introduced in
Chapter 2, developed