Practical Mobile Forensics - Fourth Edition

ART

From the Android 5.0 Lollipop version onward, Dalvik was replaced by ART. Earlier versions of Android used just-in-time (JIT) compilation with Dalvik (frequently executed operations are identified and dynamically compiled to native machine code). This native execution of these frequently used bytecodes, called traces, provides significant performance improvements.

Unlike Dalvik, ART uses ahead-of-time (AOT) compilation, which compiles entire applications into native machine code upon their installation. This automatically increases the install time for an application, but a major advantage is that this eliminates Dalvik's interpretation and trace-based JIT compilation, and thereby increases efficiency and reduces power consumption. ...