3
SIGNAL CONDITIONING FOR RESISTIVE SENSORS
There are many mechanisms that can modify the electric resistance of a material and also many signal conditioners for resistive sensors. Thus this group of sensors is the largest.
This chapter presents several methods to obtain from resistive sensors output voltages in a range suited to analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) or other electric measuring equipment. It also presents several methods of interference compensation and sensor linearization in the signal conditioner following the sensor.
Some of these sensors and signal conditioners enable us to introduce error analysis methods and circuit design aspects that are common to other more involved sensors.
The chapter first reviews resistance measurement methods, then analyzes conditioners for sensors with large magnitude resistive variations, then progresses to successively smaller magnitude resistive variations. Finally, interference types and their reduction by grounding and shielding are dealt with. Section 7.1 analyzes offset and drift, and Section 7.4 discusses noise. Chapter 8 describes oscillators that incorporate resistive sensors and direct sensor-microcontroller interfaces.
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