7Overview of Power Quality in Microgrids
7.1 Introduction
A power quality problem refers to any power problems manifest in voltage, current, or frequency deviations that result in failure or misoperation of customer equipment [1]. In other words, power quality measures the quantities of voltage, current, frequency, and waveform quality. Since all grid‐connected devices are designed to operate at a specific voltage, current, and frequency conditions, the deviation in these qualities may cause customer or utility equipment to malfunction or get damaged. For example, poor power quality can cause the undesirable operation of equipment, increase power losses, interfere with communication lines, etc.
The power quality problems include transients, voltage sags, swells, harmonics, short‐ and long‐term voltage variations, and momentary power supply outages. There are various reasons for the pollution of AC supply systems, including natural ones such as lightning, flashover, equipment failure, and faults, and forced ones such as voltage distortions. Many power quality problems are related to the voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC) where the voltage problems include voltage harmonics, surge, spikes, notches, sag, swell, imbalance, fluctuations, glitches, flickers, outages. These voltage problems are related to various disturbances (such as fault) or various nonlinear loads such as furnaces and power electronics interfaced loads. Some power quality problems are related to the ...
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