Appendix A Mathematics
A.1 Hyperbolic Functions
Given here is a list of definitions of hyperbolic functions.
A.1
A.2
A.3
A.4
A.5
Figure A.1 shows the first three functions graphically.
Figure A.1 Hyperbolic functions, y = sinh x, y = cosh x, and y = tanh x.
sinh x and tanh x are odd functions of x, whereas cosh x is an even function.
The hyperbolic functions satisfy relationships similar to those of trigonometric functions. Some of the relationships are listed here.
A.6
A.7
Double argument formulas are also similar to those in trigonometry.
A.8
A.9
Inverse functions are different from ...
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