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Back in the 1980s and 1990s, there was a hot new topic in artificial intelligence: expert systems, that is, programs that attempt to capture the knowledge of human experts in a particular domain in the form of rules, particularly if-then rules. In 1985, NASA developed CLIPS (“C Language Integrated Production System”) to create expert systems. CLIPS has been developed and maintained since then, becoming public domain software in 1996.

In this chapter, we’ll use CLIPS to get a feel for what an expert system is and how to create one, at least a primitive one. We’ll introduce CLIPS, and with it, the concepts behind expert systems. Then we’ll ...

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