NOTES
Preface
1. See Kuhn (1962). The quote is from Nicholas Wade’s retrospective on Kuhn’s work in Science, July 8, 1977, pp. 143–145.
2. It is commonly believed that the phrase “dismal science” was used by Thomas Carlyle to describe Malthus’s theories (e.g., Samuelson and Nordhaus, 1998, p. 323, or Heilbroner, 1953, p. 76). This is actually incorrect. As Levy (2003) points out, the phrase was first used by Carlyle to further his appallingly racist views. Carlyle made the remark in an 1849 pamphlet titled “An Occasional Discourse on the Negro Question” during a period when economists such as J. S. Mill were arguing against the morality of slavery as a denial of fundamental human rights. When Carlyle used the now famous turn of phrase, he was ...
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