Tools, Languages, Methodologies for Representing Semantics on the Web of Things

4Role of Clustering in Discovery Services for the Semantic Internet of Things

In the evolving field of the Internet of Things (IoT), one of the prime requirements is to empower heterogeneous devices with the capability of searching, identifying and communicating with each other. Standardization body ITU-T too has recognized the importance of cross-technology communication among diverse devices and recommended the inclusion of the directory service function in IMT-2020 architecture. In order to cater to the complex requirements, such as huge number of devices, heterogeneity, various protocols, constrained resources and dynamicity in the IoT domain, discovery services have been proposed in the literature. The chapter presents a comprehensive review of this literature and also explores how clustering algorithms can address some of the prevalent issues like scalability, while designing and developing discovery services, particularly, semantic-based discovery services.

4.1. Introduction

In recent years, the number of connected devices and objects has increased enormously (Al-Fuqaha et al. 2015) and this trend is expected to continue in the future. It is forecasted that more than 1.25 billion devices will be connected to the Internet by 2030 (Marletta 2019), primarily because the importance of IoT has been realized in diverse fields ranging from healthcare, logistics, smart transportation, smart education and connected cars to smart grids (Al-Sarawi et al. 2020). Almost all aspects ...