Autonomous Flying Ad-Hoc Networks

2Exploring Quantum Cryptography, Blockchain, and Flying Ad Hoc Networks: A Comprehensive Survey with Mathematical Analysis

Tarun Kumar Vashishth*, Vikas Sharma, Kewal Krishan Sharma, Bhupendra Kumar, Sachin Chaudhary and Rajneesh Panwar

School of Computer Science and Applications, IIMT University, Meerut, U.P., India

Abstract

Flying ad hoc networks (FANETs) have garnered significant attention for applications such as disaster relief, environmental monitoring, and remote communication. However, FANETs’ mobility, dynamic topology, and resource constraints introduce security challenges. This paper surveys security issues in FANETs, covering vulnerabilities, threats, and countermeasures across various network layers. At the physical layer, threats like malicious drones, jamming, and eavesdropping are discussed, along with authentication mechanisms to prevent unauthorized access. The data link layer analysis includes communication link vulnerabilities and secure transmission challenges, reviewing encryption, key management, and intrusion detection methods. The network layer addresses routing security, exploring threats like black hole attacks and secure routing protocols. Application layer concerns focus on data integrity and mission-critical application security. Additionally, emerging challenges with unmanned aerial motors and autonomous systems, such as remote hijacking and GPS spoofing, are examined. The survey highlights open research areas and calls for collaborative efforts ...