Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering

11

Measurement and Measuring Instruments

TOPICS DISCUSSED

• Concept of measurement and measuring systems

• Analog and digital instruments

• Static and dynamic characteristics of instruments

• Classification of instruments

• Measurement error

• Permanent magnet moving-coil, moving-iron, and dynamometer-type instruments

• Extension of instrument range

• Measurement of power

• Measurement of energy

• Instrument transformers

• Megger and multimeter

11.1 Introduction

Measurement of any quantity, like length, mass, time, speed, velocity, pressure, temperature, current, voltage, power, etc., is nothing but comparison of the quantity against some standards. As for example, when we measure the length of a piece of cloth with a meter scale, we only compare a particular ...