Brain Informatics Technology

7Neural Networks: Building Blocks of Brain Informatics

Kiran Raj V. and Anoop Jacob Thomas^*

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Neural networks play a significant role in the study of brain’s structure and function. With the development of neural networks technology evolving from the understanding of the brain’s neural workings, the technology has reached full circle with exploring potential applications in neuroscience. This chapter aims to explore the potential applications of neural networks in the study of brain’s structure and function. The first three sections provide an introduction on neural networks and its components. The fourth section involves different types of deep learning techniques used in brain signal processing. The fifth and sixth sections involve the application of neural networks in brain science and its challenges, respectively, followed by the conclusion.

Keywords: Multilayered perceptron, spiking neural networks, convolutional neural networks, long short-term memory, generative adversarial networks

7.1 Introduction to Neural Networks and Brain Informatics

The study of the human brain (known as neuroscience) has evolved with considerable development in the investigations on the structure of the brain. However, there are comparatively fewer studies on the functional aspects of the brain which encompass the complexity of the neural networks. The adult ...