4Good Enough, Barely Adequate, Failure

Basic assumptions about reality are the paradigm of a social science, such as management. They are usually held subconsciously by the scholars, the writers, the teachers, the practitioners in the field. Yet those assumptions largely determine what the discipline—scholars, writers, teachers, practitioners—assumes to be REALITY. The discipline’s basic assumptions about reality determine what it focuses on. They determine what a discipline considers “facts” and what it considers the discipline itself to be about. . . . Yet, despite their importance, the assumptions are rarely analyzed, rarely studied, rarely challenged— indeed rarely even made explicit.—Peter Drucker, Management Challenges in the 21st Century, ...

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