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CYBerseCurItY For InDustrIAL ControL sYsteMs
form of modern hi-jacking malware threatening ICS security. ey
encompass the range of malware we will discuss in this section as an
umbrella term. Bots are sometimes referred to as zombies or drones
because they mindlessly do the bidding of their controllers regardless
of what is in their own interest. A collection of bots under the control
of a single herder is the eponymous botnet.
Bots are in part characterized by their ability to maintain their
command and control (C&C) communications channels with their
owners/herders. ese channels are critical to making the bots fully
functional and revenue-generating resources, since C&C enables a
the range of activities and instruction sets, such as