btrfs / zfs
These are conceptually less of drivers than actual filesystems that you mount under /var/lib/docker and each comes with its own set of pros and cons. Generally, they both have performance impacts as opposed to some of the other options and have a high memory overhead but may provide you with easier management tooling and/or higher density storage. Since these drivers currently have marginal support and I have heard of many critical bugs still affecting them, I would not advise using them in production unless you have very good reasons to do so. If the system has the appropriate drive mounted at /var/lib/docker and the related kernel modules are available, Docker will pick these next after aufs.
Note that the order of preference ...
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