5. To test a program Testing a program consists of two parts – debugging and profi ling. It is important to
be familiar with the debugging of a program, though what we refer to here is a more systematic approach
to debugging. An interesting observation about debugging, made by E.W. Dijkstra, a pioneer computer
scientist from Netherlands, is worth quoting here: “debugging can only point to the presence of errors
and never their absence.”
Profi ling is a process of executing a correctly working program with the appropriate data sets, and
measuring the time and memory space it takes to execute various parts of the program. These results are
useful in improving the program or even the algorithm.
1.2 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ALGORITHMS ...
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