12. Classes
Chapter Outline
12.1 What Is a Set? 137
12.1.1 Classification and Specialization 137
12.2 Sets and Four-Dimensionalism 138
12.3 Some Different Kinds of Set Theory 139
12.3.1 Single Level Sets 139
12.3.2 Hierarchical Sets 139
12.3.3 Well-Founded Sets 141
12.3.4 Non-Well-Founded Set Theory 142
12.4 A High Level Data Model for Classes 143
12.5 Properties and Quantities 144
12.6 Scales and Units 146
12.7 Kinds 148
12.8 Concluding Remarks 149
In this chapter I look at classes as sets in a general way and relate this to their use in data modeling as both entity types and data.
12.1. What Is a Set?
You will recall that a set is a thing that has members, and its identity ...

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