Discrete Mathematical Structures

1

Set Theory

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After reading this chapter, you will be conversant with:

• Introduction
• Sets
• Cartesian Product of Sets
• Multiset

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Set theory is one of the important tools in modern mathematics. It has not only revolutionized mathematical thinking but also unified various branches of mathematics. Every branch of mathematics can be considered as a study of sets of objects of one kind or the other. For example, algebra and number theory are concerned with the set of numbers whereas analysis deals with the set of functions. In this chapter, the concept of sets, subsets, operations on sets, inclusion and exclusion principle, multisets, operations on multisets, and Cartesian product of sets has been discussed.

1.2 SETS ...