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高效R语言编程
book

高效R语言编程

by Colin Gillespie, Robin Lovelace
August 2018
Intermediate to advanced
227 pages
4h 16m
Chinese
China Electric Power Press Ltd.
Content preview from 高效R语言编程
64
3
regression_plot = function(x, y, ...) {
#
绘制并另传一些参数给
plot
方法
plot(x, y, ...)
#
回归模型
model = lm(y ~ x)
#
在图中添加最适合的线
abline(model)
invisible(model)
}
调用上述函数,将绘制拟合直线的散点图,但输出不可见。如何,当我们将
该函数赋值给一个对象(例如:out = regression_plot(x, y), 变量 out
包含 lm() 函数的调用结果。
另外一个例子是 hist()。典型情况,当我们不想在控制台显示任何信息时,
我们可调用:
hist
x
然而,如果我们将输出赋值给一个对象,out = hist(x)对象 out 实际上是
一个列表,该列表包含了一些信息,尤其是
midpoints
breaks
counts
的信息。
因子(
Factors
因子是一个饱受争议的对象。虽然使用不便,但却有用武之处。因子用于存
储类别变量。该类型只存在
R
中(或至少在编程语言中并不常见)。理解因
子与字符串的差异是重要的,因为
R
处理因子与字符串的方式是不同的。尽
管因子看起来像字符向量,但它们实际上是整型数据。从而导致初始化令人
吃惊的结果。
x = 4:6
c(x)
#> [1] 4 5 6
c(factor(x))
#> [1] 1 2 3
此例中,c() 函数使用因子潜在的整数表示形式。处理错误的行为是
R
用户
的一个常见的低效的因素。
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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9787519820855