book

Grid Converters for Photovoltaic and Wind Power Systems

Name: Grid Converters for Photovoltaic and Wind Power Systems
ISBN: 9780470057513

by Remus Teodorescu, Marco Liserre, Pedro Rodriguez

February 2011

Intermediate

416 pages

11h 24m

English

Wiley-IEEE Press

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Cover
Title
Copyright
About the Authors
Preface
Acknowledgements
1: Introduction
1.1 Wind Power Development1.2 Photovoltaic Power Development1.3 The Grid Converter - The Key Element in Grid Integration of WT and PV Systems
2: Photovoltaic Inverter Structures
2.1 Introduction2.2 Inverter Structures Derived from H-Bridge Topology2.3 Inverter Structures Derived from NPC Topology2.4 Typical PV Inverter Structures2.5 Three-Phase PV Inverters2.6 Control Structures2.7 Conclusions and Future Trends
3: Grid Requirements for PV
3.1 Introduction3.2 International Regulations3.3 Response to Abnormal Grid Conditions3.4 Power Quality3.5 Anti-islanding Requirements3.6 Summary
4: Grid Synchronization in Single-Phase Power Converters
4.1 Introduction4.2 Grid Synchronization Techniques for Single-Phase Systems4.3 Phase Detection Based on In-Quadrature Signals4.4 Some PLLs Based on In-Quadrature Signal Generation4.5 Some PLLs Based on Adaptive Filtering4.6 The SOGI Frequency-Locked Loop4.7 Summary

5: Islanding Detection
5.1 Introduction5.2 Nondetection Zone5.3 Overview of Islanding Detection Methods5.4 Passive Islanding Detection Methods5.5 Active Islanding Detection Methods5.6 Summary
6: Grid Converter Structures for Wind Turbine Systems
6.1 Introduction6.2 WTS Power Configurations6.3 Grid Power Converter Topologies6.4 WTS Control6.5 Summary
7: Grid Requirements for WT Systems
7.1 Introduction7.2 Grid Code Evolution7.3 Frequency and Voltage Deviation under Normal Operation7.4 Active Power Control in Normal Operation7.5 Reactive Power Control in Normal Operation7.6 Behaviour under Grid Disturbances7.7 Discussion of Harmonization of Grid Codes7.8 Future Trends7.9 Summary
8: Grid Synchronization in Three-Phase Power Converters
8.1 Introduction8.2 The Three-Phase Voltage Vector under Grid Faults8.3 The Synchronous Reference Frame PLL under Unbalanced and Distorted Grid Conditions8.4 The Decoupled Double Synchronous Reference Frame PLL (DDSRF-PLL)8.5 The Double Second-Order Generalized Integrator FLL (DSOGI-FLL)8.6 Summary
9: Grid Converter Control for WTS
9.1 Introduction9.2 Model of the Converter9.3 AC Voltage and DC Voltage Control9.4 Voltage Oriented Control and Direct Power Control9.5 Stand-alone, Micro-grid, Droop Control and Grid Supporting9.6 Summary
10: Control of Grid Converters under Grid Faults
10.1 Introduction10.2 Overview of Control Techniques for Grid-Connected Converters under Unbalanced Grid Voltage Conditions10.3 Control Structures for Unbalanced Current Injection10.4 Power Control under Unbalanced Grid Conditions10.5 Flexible Power Control with Current Limitation10.6 Summary
11: Grid Filter Design
11.1 Introduction11.2 Filter Topologies11.3 Design Considerations11.4 Practical Examples of LCL Filters and Grid Interactions11.5 Resonance Problem and Damping Solutions11.6 Nonlinear Behaviour of the Filter11.7 Summary
12: Grid Current Control
12.1 Introduction12.2 Current Harmonic Requirements12.3 Linear Current Control with Separated Modulation12.4 Modulation Techniques12.5 Operating Limits of the Current-Controlled Converter12.6 Practical Example12.7 Summary
Appendix A: Space Vector Transformations of Three-Phase Systems
A.1 IntroductionA.2 Symmetrical Components in the Frequency DomainA.3 Symmetrical Components in the Time DomainA.4 Components αβ0 on the Stationary Reference FrameA.5 Components dq0 on the Synchronous Reference Frame
Appendix B: Instantaneous Power Theories
B.1 IntroductionB.2 Origin of Power Definitions at the Time Domain for Single-Phase SystemsB.3 Origin of Active Currents in Multiphase SystemsB.4 Instantaneous Calculation of Power Currents in Multiphase SystemsB.5 The p-q TheoryB.6 Generalization of the p-q Theory to Arbitrary Multiphase SystemsB.7 The Modified p-q TheoryB.8 Generalized Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory for Three-Phase Power SystemsB.9 Summary
Appendix C: Resonant Controller
C.1 IntroductionC.2 Internal Model PrincipleC.3 Equivalence of the PI Controller in the dq Frame and the P+Resonant Controller in the αβ Frame
Index

Content preview from Grid Converters for Photovoltaic and Wind Power Systems

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the valuable support from the following persons:

Frede Blaabjerg, Professor, Aalborg University, for his general support of this project
Philip C Kjære, Chief Specialist, Vestas Wind Systems A/S, for his valuable advice and knowledge exchange in the generic field of wind turbine grid integration from a pure industrial perspective
Lars Helle, Specialist, power electronics, Vestas Wind Systems A/S, for his support in Chapter 7
Tamas Kerekes, Assistant Professor, Aalborg University, for scrutinizing and commenting on Chapter 2
Alvaro Luna, Assistant Professor, UPC Barcelona, for his valuable contribution to Chapters 4, 8 and 10
Francesco De Mango, GSE, for his valuable contribution on Chapter 5
Manuel Reyes Diaz, PhD student, University of Seville, for his valuable contribution to Chapter 10
Rosa Mastromauro, Assistant Professor, Politecnico di Bari, for his valuable contribution on Chapter 11 and 12
Alberto Pigazo, Assistant Professor, Cantabria University, for his valuable contribution on Chapter 5
Ancuta G. Dragomir, MSc student, Aalborg University, for editing most of the figures
Nicky Skinner, Project Editor, John Wiley … Sons, Ltd, for her patience and trust in this long project

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Grid Converters for Photovoltaic and Wind Power Systems

by Remus Teodorescu, Marco Liserre, Pedro Rodriguez

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