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Chapter 16

Microphones

by Glen Ballou, Joe Ciaudelli, and Volker Schmitt

16.1 Introduction

16.2 Pickup Patterns

16.2.1 Omnidirectional Microphones

16.2.2 Bidirectional Microphones

16.2.3 Unidirectional Microphones

16.2.3.1 Proximity Effects

16.3 Types of Transducers

16.3.1 Carbon Microphones

16.3.2 Crystal and Ceramic Microphones

16.3.3 Dynamic Microphones

16.3.3.1 Unidirectional Microphones

16.3.4 Capacitor Microphones

16.3.4.1 Voltage Divider Capacitor Microphone

16.3.4.2 Phantom Power for Capacitor Microphones

16.3.4.3 Capacitor Radio-Frequency, Frequency-Modulated Microphones

16.3.5 Electret Microphones

16.4 Microphone Sensitivity⁷

16.4.1 Open-Circuit Voltage Sensitivity

16.4.2 Maximum Power Output Sensitivity⁷

16.4.3 Electronic Industries ...

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