May 2013
Intermediate to advanced
1034 pages
20h 7m
English

Figure 1.1 Ecological or energy pyramid, with amount of energy at each trophic level.

Figure 1.2 The flow of energy through a river ecosystem in Silver Springs, Florida. Energy units are kilocalories per square meter per year (kcal/m2/yr). Biomass units represent the dry weight of organic matter (per square meter). The pyramid of numbers is derived from a census of the populations of autotrophs, herbivores, and two levels of carnivores on an acre (0.4 hectare) of a typical grassland. The figures represent number of ...
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