Stateless versus stateful
Pure functions and referentially transparent expressions are stateless. A piece of code is stateless when its outcomes are not influenced by previous events. For example, the results of the isIndexPage function will not be influenced by the number of times that we invoke it, or by the moment in time when we invoke it.
The opposite of stateless code is stateful code. Stateless code is very difficult to test and becomes a problem when we are trying to implement scalable and resilient systems. Resilient systems are systems that can handle server failures; there is usually more than one instance of a service, and if one of them crashes, others can continue handling traffic. Also, new instances are created automatically ...
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