1.1 Sustainable Transportation1.2 A Brief History of HEVs1.3 Why EVs Emerged and Failed in the 1990s, and What We Can Learn1.4 Architectures of HEVs1.5 Interdisciplinary Nature of HEVs1.6 State of the Art of HEVs1.7 Challenges and Key Technology of HEVs1.8 The Invisible Hand–Government Support1.9 Latest Development in EV and HEV, China’s Surge in EV SalesReferences