
164
Second zone:
F
2
=
√
2 × F
1
Third zone:
F
3
=
√
3 × F
1
andsoon.
The degree of reflection from an object depends on its nature, the
greatest reflection occurring from smooth flat ground or water. Where
a path lies over the sea, variations in the path length of a reflected
wave due to tides may render a path unusable. When the height of
the antenna closest to the sea is varied, the effect of the reflected
wave passes through a series of minima and maxima and adjustment
of the height of that antenna can reduce or, occasionally, overcome
the effect.
Atmospheric conditions change giving rise to fading and variations
of the multi-path effects. The reliability of a link