Perl Cookbook

Converting Between Octal and Hexadecimal

Problem

You want to convert a string (e.g., "0x55" or "0755") containing an octal or hexadecimal number to the correct number.

Perl only understands octal and hexadecimal numbers when they occur as literals in your programs. If they are obtained by reading from files or supplied as command-line arguments, no automatic conversion takes place.

Solution

Use Perl’s oct and hex functions:

$number = hex($hexadecimal);         # hexadecimal
$number = oct($octal);               # octal

Discussion

The oct function converts octal numbers with or without the leading "0": "0350" or "350". In fact, it even converts hexadecimal ("0x350") numbers if they have a leading "0x". The hex function only converts hexadecimal numbers, with or without a leading "0x": "0x255", "3A", "ff", or "deadbeef". (Letters may be in upper- or lowercase.)

Here’s an example that accepts a number in either decimal, octal, or hex, and prints that number in all three bases. It uses the oct function to convert from octal and hexadecimal if the input began with a 0. It then uses printf to convert back into hex, octal, and decimal as needed.

print "Gimme a number in decimal, octal, or hex: ";
$num = <STDIN>;
chomp $num;
exit unless defined $num;
$num = oct($num) if $num =~ /^0/; # does both oct and hex
printf "%d %x %o\n", $num, $num, $num;

The following code converts Unix file permissions. They’re always given in octal, so we use oct instead of hex.

print "Enter file permission in octal: "; $permissions ...