
194 ◾ Software Engineering: The Current Practice
them is discussed by Finkelstein, Kramer, and Nuseibeh (1994). A detailed descrip-
tion of the process measurements employed by an individual programmer is pre-
sented by Humphrey (1997).
In the current state of the art, the performance of the software process in one
project cannot be mechanically used in planning another one. is is the issue of
the external validity of the process measurements, and it is discussed by Fuggetta
(2000) and other authors. e independent variables of software processes are still
not properly understood, and additional research is necessary before the experience
from ...