Software Engineering

Initial Development  ◾  225

14.4.1 Bottom-Up Implementation

Bottom-up implementation is a process that is driven by the desire to minimize the

number of testing stubs for unit tests, because they represent an extra expense and

delay in the project. e programmers are guided by the dependency graph. First

they implement the bottom classes that do not have any suppliers, and then they

implement their clients, the clients of the clients, and so forth. In the dependency

graphs without cycles, all suppliers can be written before the clients, so there is no

need for writing any stubs.

Figure 14.5 contains the dependency graph that corresponds to t