Solar Cells, 2nd Edition

Chapter IC-3

Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ Thin-Film Solar Cells

U. Rau and H.W. Schock

Institut für Physikalische Elektronik (IPE), Universität Stuttgart, Germany

Chapter Outline

1. Introduction

2. Material Properties

2.1. Chalcopyrite Lattice

2.2. Band-Gap Energies

2.3. The Phase Diagram

2.4. Defect Physics of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂

3. Cell and Module Technology

3.1. Structure of the Heterojunction Solar Cell

3.2. Key Elements for High-Efficiency Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ Solar Cells

3.3. Absorber Preparation Techniques

3.3.1. Basics

3.3.2. Co-Evaporation Processes

3.3.3. Selenisation Processes

3.3.4. Other Absorber Deposition Processes

3.3.5. Postdeposition Air Anneal

3.4. Heterojunction Formation

3.4.1. The Free Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ Surface

3.4.2. Buffer Layer Deposition

3.4.3. Window Layer ...