Speech and Audio Signal Processing: Processing and Perception of Speech and Music, Second Edition

CONTENTS

PREFACE TO THE 2011 EDITION

0.1 Why We Created a New Edition

0.2 What is New

0.3 A Final Thought

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Why We Wrote This Book

1.2 How to Use This Book

1.3 A Confession

1.4 Acknowledgments

PART I HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

CHAPTER 2 SYNTHETIC AUDIO: A BRIEF HISTORY

2.1 Von Kempelen

2.2 The Voder

2.3 Teaching the Operator to Make the Voder “Talk”

2.4 Speech Synthesis After the Voder

2.5 Music Machines

2.6 Exercises

CHAPTER 3 SPEECH ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS OVERVIEW

3.1 Background

3.1.1 Transmission of Acoustic Signals

3.1.2 Acoustical Telegraphy before Morse Code

3.1.3 The Telephone

3.1.4 The Channel Vocoder and Bandwidth Compression

3.2 Voice-coding concepts

3.3 Homer Dudley (1898–1981)

3.4 Exercises

3.5 Appendix: Hearing of the Fall of Troy

CHAPTER 4 BRIEF HISTORY OF AUTOMATIC SPEECH RECOGNITION

4.1 Radio Rex

4.2 Digit Recognition

4.3 Speech Recognition in the 1950s

4.4 The 1960s

4.4.1 Short-Term Spectral Analysis

4.4.2 Pattern Matching

4.5 1971–1976 ARPA Project

4.6 Achieved by 1976

4.7 The 1980s in Automatic Speech Recognition

4.7.1 Large Corpora Collection

4.7.2 Front Ends

4.7.3 Hidden Markov Models

4.7.4 The Second (D)ARPA Speech-Recognition Program

4.7.5 The Return of Neural Nets

4.7.6 Knowledge-Based Approaches

4.8 More Recent Work

4.9 Some Lessons

4.10 Exercises

CHAPTER 5 SPEECH-RECOGNITION OVERVIEW

5.1 Why Study Automatic Speech Recognition?

5.2 ...