March 2026
Beginner
212 pages
5h 54m
English
We have now understood, from Chapter 1, and Chapter 2 why causality is essential for business decisions, everyday life, policymaking, and many other situations. This is fantastic news: we just have to measure things causally to make better decisions!
This is where things get complicated. Actually, as we will study in this chapter, the only way to perfectly measure a causal effect is something impossible. So, buckle up – we are going to dive into the valley of despair. But don’t worry, this doesn’t mean that we can’t provide causal evidence to answer important questions. We will explore what we can actually do at the end of this chapter and, of course, in the next section focusing on the solutions. Long ...
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