February 2020
Intermediate
624 pages
22h 1m
English
Content preview from Transient Analysis of Power Systems
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Chapter 6Calculation of Power System Overvoltages
Juan A. Martinez‐Velasco and Ferley Castro‐Aranda
6.1 Introduction
An overvoltage is a voltage between one phase and ground, between two phases, or across a longitudinal insulation with a crest value exceeding the corresponding crest of the maximum system voltage. Standards distinguish several classes and shapes of overvoltages [1–4]:
- Temporary overvoltages: They are undamped or weakly damped overvoltages of relatively long duration (seconds, even minutes). Temporary overvoltages (TOVs) are originated by faults, load rejection, resonance, and ferroresonance conditions, or by a combination of these factors. The representative TOV is characterized by a standard short duration (one minute) power‐frequency waveshape.
- Slow‐front overvoltages: They are unidirectional or oscillatory highly‐damped overvoltages, with a slow front and a short duration. These overvoltages are caused by switching operations, fault initiation, or remote lightning strokes. They exhibit time to crest of about 2÷5 ms and time to half value of up to 20 ms. The representative slow‐front overvoltage is characterized by a standard switching impulse, and a peak voltage or a probability distribution of overvoltage amplitudes.
- Fast‐front overvoltages: Fast‐front shaped overvoltages are caused primarily by lightning strokes, although they can also be caused by some switching operations or fault initiation. Their time to peak value can vary between 0.1 and 20 μs.
- Very ...
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