
June 16, 2015 14:56 PSP Book - 9in x 6in 04-Yong-Ching-Lim-c04
134 A Survey of Digital All-Pass Filter-Based Real and Complex Adaptive Notch Filters
is when the CSS has been removed, thus leaving purely white noise
at the CANF’s output.
The equation that defines the noise variance (σ
2
)attheCANF
output signal is found from the power spectral density, which is
σ
2
=
1
2π
π
−π
P (ω)dω; (4.30)
herein P (ω) is the power spectral density of the CANF output signal.
This expression may also be re-arranged as follows:
σ
2
=
σ
2
N
2π
π
−π
|C (ω)|
2
dω, (4.31)
where C(ω) = C(z) by applying the transformation z = e
jω
as in
(4.12); the last term σ
2
N
is defined as the input noise variance. ...