Chapter 12. Machine Learning

Machine learning is a deep and rapidly developing area. It’s become so ubiquitous in technology lately that you’ll likely need to work with it in some way in your project. This chapter will provide enough of an understanding on the subject for you to get started.

Machine Learning Primer

I believe that at the end of the century the use of words and general educated opinion will have altered so much that one will be able to speak of machines thinking without expecting to be contradicted.

Alan Turing (1950)

The terms machine learning, artificial intelligence, and deep learning are liberally used and often interchanged. But there are specific times that each is most useful, and they all have distinct definitions. What they have in common is that they are best used when there is a deterministic solution that is not easily defined by processing rules such as those discussed in Chapter 5. To summarize:

Artificial intelligence

Intelligence exhibited by machines. The term has a lot of other uses that we won’t explore. This is the term most abused as a substitution for more specific techniques and classifications.

Machine learning

The subfield of computer science that gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed. This is the most widely used term and set of techniques to represent actual applied processes rather than higher-level ...

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