Windows 2000 Quick Fixes

Table of contents

1. Windows 2000 Quick Fixes
   1. Preface
      1. Organization of this book
      2. Conventions used in this book
      3. How to contact us
      4. Acknowledgments
   2. 1. Installing and Booting Windows 2000
      1. Create Setup diskettes to install Windows 2000 or the Recovery Console
         1. Creating boot diskettes
      2. Setup doesn’t find my hard disk
         1. Adding a driver during Setup
         2. Changing SCSI ID assignment manually
         3. Changing the location of the temporary files
         4. Checking and changing IDE/EIDE drive type settings
      3. Using winnt and winnt32 switches
      4. Only one CPU shows up in a multiprocessor system
         1. Reinstall Windows 2000 with a different system driver
         2. Change system driver
      5. Create a dual-boot configuration
         1. Setting up a dual-boot system—Windows 9x
      6. Clone your original OS for a dual-boot system
         1. Cloning Windows 9x
         2. Cloning Windows NT
      7. Avoid reinstalling applications for a dual-boot system
         1. Locating and testing your applications
            1. Checking a shortcut
            2. Windows 95 and Windows NT Start menu
         2. Creating shortcuts to existing applications
         3. Copying registry keys and DLLs
      8. Change the boot menu options
         1. Changing the default boot option
         2. Changing menu display timeout
         3. Hiding the boot menu
      9. The Recovery Console
         1. Installing and using the Recovery Console
         2. Running the Recovery Console from the Setup disks
         3. Using the Recovery Console
      10. Drive letter assignments need to be changed
          1. Changing a drive letter
      11. I forgot the Administrator password
          1. Use a different account
          2. Delete the SAM hive
          3. Back up and reinstall
          4. Recovering the system
      12. Windows 2000 runs chkdsk at startup
          1. Shut down properly
          2. Disable automatic chkdsk execution
      13. Can’t log on after adding a hard drive or breaking a mirror
          1. Restoring the original drive configuration
          2. Restoring drive ID assignments remotely through the registry
          3. Restoring drive ID assignments locally through the registry
          4. Restoring drive ID assignments with a duplicate System32 folder using the Recovery Console
      14. Boot problems in systems with multiple drives
          1. Making a partition active
          2. Modifying boot.ini (FAT/FAT32 partitions only)
      15. Convert a FAT partition to NTFS
          1. Using the Convert command
      16. Windows 9x can’t see NTFS volumes on a dual-boot system
          1. Converting to FAT32
             1. Converting a data volume to FAT32
             2. Converting a Windows 2000 volume to FAT32
          2. Using an NTFS driver for Windows 9x
   3. 2. Configuring Hardware
      1. View or change IRQ and other resource settings
         1. Use the Device Manager to manage device resources
      2. Create a system summary
         1. Use the Device Manager to create system reports
      3. Turn off or remove conflicting or unneeded devices
         1. Disable a device temporarily
         2. Remove a device
      4. Use different hardware settings at different times
         1. Set up hardware profiles
      5. Take a snapshot of the current settings for safekeeping
         1. Back up system state data
         2. Back up the registry with the Backup utility
         3. Back up the registry manually with the Recovery Console
         4. Create a repair disk
      6. Running low on disk space
         1. Clean out files
         2. Convert from FAT to FAT32 or NTFS
         3. Remove unneeded Windows components
         4. Add a mounted volume
         5. Use compression
         6. Use quotas
      7. Use more than four partitions
      8. Replace the existing boot disk
         1. Cloning the drive
         2. Backup/reinstall/restore method
      9. Install a new hard disk or add a volume from unpartitioned space
         1. Add a basic disk
         2. Add a dynamic disk
      10. Schedule defrag for off hours
      11. Convert a basic disk to a dynamic disk
      12. Revert a dynamic disk back to a basic disk
   4. 3. Configuring System Software and Components
      1. Enable or disable a service
         1. Start, stop, pause, and resume services
         2. Configure service startup
      2. Control services remotely
         1. Connecting to a remote computer for management
         2. Control services from a command console
      3. You changed the Administrator account and now a service fails to start
         1. Changing or specifying service account logon and options
      4. Specify what should happen if a service fails
         1. Configuring service recovery properties
      5. Add or remove system components or features
         1. Using the Windows Components Wizard to remove components
         2. Removing components manually
      6. Customize the Microsoft Management Console (MMC)
         1. Add snap-ins to create a custom console
         2. Set console options such as default mode
         3. Create a taskpad for frequent tasks
         4. Modify or remove a taskpad
         5. Acquire add-on or third-party snap-ins
      7. Make files available when offline
         1. Set up offline files
         2. Moving the cache to a different location
         3. Set offline access properties for folders you share
      8. Cached files on your computer are different from the server’s copy
         1. Synchronize offline files manually
         2. Synchronize offline files automatically
      9. How to browse for resources in the Active Directory
         1. Browse resources in the AD
   5. 4. Configuring the Windows 2000 Interface
      1. Using multiple monitors
         1. Add and configure multiple monitors
      2. Prevent a program from executing automatically at startup
         1. Check all Startup folders
         2. Check the registry
         3. Check services
      3. Change the location of the Startup folders
         1. Edit the registry
      4. Customize the taskbar
         1. Add or remove Quick Launch items
         2. Add toolbars
         3. Move or resize the taskbar
         4. Auto-hide the taskbar or set it to appear always on top
      5. Change or rearrange the contents of the Start menu
         1. Add new menus and items
         2. Remove menus and items
         3. Show small icons on the Start menu
      6. The Start menu items are not in order
         1. Rearrange menu order
      7. Administrative Tools, Log Off, or Favorites are missing from the Start menu
         1. Show additional options on the Start menu
      8. A container on the Start menu expands instead of opening
         1. Open instead of expand
         2. Turn off expanding
      9. Turn off special menu and tooltip effects
         1. Change or turn off special visual effects
      10. Gain quick access to Control Panel and other folders
          1. Expanding items on the Start menu
      11. Gain quick access to network resources
          1. Create shortcuts to local and network resources
          2. Use UNC pathnames
      12. Change the folder associated with the My Documents icon
          1. Changing My Documents properties
      13. Add a new option to the Send To menu
          1. Modify the Send To menu
      14. Some files don’t show up in folders
          1. Show hidden and system protected files
      15. Customize the appearance of a specific folder
          1. Customize folder appearance
      16. Determining which volumes and folders are compressed
          1. Show compressed volumes and folders with a different color
      17. Double-clicking a document opens the wrong program
          1. Change application/document association
          2. Change advanced document settings
      18. Keyboard navigation indicators are missing from menus and dialogs
          1. Turn on keyboard navigation indicators
      19. Change icons of common desktop objects
          1. Restore or change desktop icons
      20. Execute a program using command-line switches
          1. Modify the shortcut’s properties
          2. Start the program from a .cmd file
   6. 5. Printing
      1. Can’t print to an Internet printer
         1. Add a print driver for the printer
         2. Configure security settings
      2. Make a printer available through the Internet or intranet
         1. Install IIS
         2. Create a Printers virtual folder
         3. Configure security and accounts
      3. A better method if you switch printer settings frequently
         1. Configure multiple printer instances
      4. People with other operating systems can’t use your printer
         1. Add additional print drivers
      5. Simplify printer administration and provide load balancing
         1. Set up a print pool
      6. Restrict others’ use of your printer at certain times
         1. Restrict printer access times
         2. Remove a printer from sharing
      7. Printing is slow to start or complete
         1. Change spool properties
      8. Keep documents in the queue for resubmission
         1. Keeping printed documents in the queue
      9. Separate your print job from someone else’s
         1. Use separator pages
      10. Allow only certain people to use your printer
          1. Configure security options
   7. 6. The Command Console
      1. Get help for a command
         1. Use the /? Switch
         2. Use help at the console prompt
         3. Page help information with more
         4. Redirecting help information to a text file for printing or viewing
         5. Getting Windows 2000 help on console commands
      2. Execute a particular program with all command consoles
         1. Configure the console AutoRun setting
      3. Load a special driver or program for a specific console only
         1. Create a shortcut to cmd.exe with switches
      4. Recall, modify, and re-execute a command previously used
         1. Setting history options
      5. Use more than 25 lines of text in a window
         1. Change buffer and screen size
      6. Quickly open a command prompt in a specific folder
         1. Use the Resource Kit CMD Prompt Here
         2. Use PowerToys
      7. Run tasks as Administrator when logged on as a user
         1. Use runas
      8. Change the colors used by command consoles
         1. Changing color for all consoles
         2. Changing color for the current console
      9. Execute a command from a shortcut but have the window remain open
         1. Run the application using a shortcut to cmd /k
      10. Use an autocomplete function for folder and filenames in command consoles
          1. Turn on file and directory name completion
   8. 7. Network Configuration
      1. Change settings for a network adapter
         1. Find your network settings
         2. Configure network adapter settings
         3. Configure, add, or remove a protocol
      2. Unbind a protocol from a client or service
         1. Unbind a protocol from a client or service
      3. Change the order in which network clients or services are used
         1. Change provider order
      4. Disable a network interface
         1. Disable an interface
      5. Change workgroup or domain
         1. Change workgroups
         2. Change domains
      6. Modify your computer’s name
         1. Change computer names
      7. Use two network adapters with different protocols on each one
      8. Disable a protocol without removing it
         1. Disable a protocol
      9. Restrict traffic through your PC without a firewall
         1. Use simple IP filters
         2. Use IPSec policies
      10. Assign IP addresses automatically without a DHCP server
          1. Use automatic address assignment
      11. A duplicate name exists on the network
          1. Disable NetBEUI on all but one interface
      12. Log on automatically at startup
          1. Specify an automatic logon account
      13. Shut down without having to log on
          1. Add Shutdown to the logon dialog
      14. Force users to change passwords
          1. Configure user accounts
          2. Configure the password policy
      15. Enforce strong passwords
          1. Configure a password policy
      16. Don’t have your username appear automatically in the logon dialog
          1. Don’t save last logon name
      17. Display a special logon message
          1. Create a custom logon message
   9. 8. Sharing and Accessing Network Resources
      1. Restrict access to a folder you’re sharing
         1. Use NTFS object permissions instead of share permissions
      2. Find out who is connected to your computer
         1. View current sessions and files in use
      3. Share a folder but hide it from network browsing
         1. Hide a shared resource
      4. All drives are shared with a $ sign
         1. Manage administrative shares
      5. Limit the number of users who can access a folder or file at one time
         1. Set access restrictions on shares
      6. Quickly open a shared network folder
         1. Map a drive letter to the folder
         2. Create network shortcuts
         3. Use UNC pathnames when browsing or opening files
      7. A network computer doesn’t show up in My Network Places
         1. Use Search for Computers
         2. Check protocol settings
      8. Wrong workgroup or domain
         1. Change workgroup or domain
      9. Network your home computers
         1. Choose network hardware
         2. Select protocols
      10. Turn off sharing altogether
          1. Disable sharing
      11. Automatically connect a drive letter to a network share at logon
          1. Use Reconnect at Logon
          2. Map network drives with a logon script
      12. Use the same settings from different computers
          1. Set up and use a roaming profile
      13. You don’t have the necessary right to perform a task
          1. Change rights assignments
   10. 9. Using and Troubleshooting TCP/IP
       1. Configure TCP/IP automatically
          1. Become a DHCP client
          2. Use automatic address assignment without DHCP
       2. Turn APIPA off
          1. Disable APIPA through the registry
       3. Receive a set of special TCP/IP settings just for your computer
          1. Configure the server for class IDs
          2. Configure the client’s class ID
       4. Get the same IP address every time
          1. Configure a DHCP reservation
          2. Configure the client to request a specific address
       5. Can’t connect to other computers on the local network
          1. Check your hardware
          2. Check local configuration
          3. Test connectivity to other hosts
       6. Can’t connect to the Internet
          1. Test local configuration
          2. Test local connectivity
          3. Test connection to the router
          4. Test connections past the router
       7. Can’t connect to certain sites on the Internet
          1. Trace the route to determine the point of failure
          2. Check for proxy or firewall blocks
       8. Register your computer with DNS and a dynamic IP address
          1. Configure your system for DDNS
          2. Server settings for DDNS
       9. Automatic update of your host name in the DNS server isn’t working
          1. Check connectivity
          2. Check security settings
       10. Enter only the host name and no domain for local searches
           1. Append domain names for local DNS searches
       11. Specify more than two DNS servers or change their order
           1. Use advanced DNS properties
   11. 10. Using and Sharing Dial-Up Networking Connections
       1. Use the best possible security for a dial-up connection
          1. Use encrypted authentication
          2. Use certificate-based authentication through Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)
          3. Use a smart card for authentication
          4. Use IPSec
       2. Hide shared resources when you’re online
          1. Remove File and Printer Sharing service from a dial-up connection
          2. Unbind TCP/IP from File and Printer Sharing
       3. Use multiple connections at one time to improve performance
          1. Use multilink to combine connections
          2. Use BAP to manage multilink connections dynamically
       4. Share a single dial-up Internet connection with other users on the LAN
          1. Configure ICS
          2. Set LAN client settings
          3. Configure dialing properties
       5. Disconnect automatically when sharing an Internet connection
          1. Check idle time
          2. Check clients for unnecessary Internet traffic
       6. Create a secure remote connection to your LAN
          1. Set up the VPN server
          2. Configure Windows 2000 Professional for incoming VPN connections
          3. Set up a VPN client with PPTP
          4. Set up a VPN with L2TP
       7. Allow other users to dial into your computer to access local resources
          1. Configure your system as a dial-up server for local resources only
       8. Allow other users to dial into your computer to access network resources
       9. Other users can’t dial in to your PC
          1. Configure accounts for dial-in access
          2. Check configuration
       10. Using a credit card for dialing
           1. Set up and use a credit card for dialing
       11. Reverse the connection and have the server call you to save toll charges
           1. Set callback options on the server
           2. Configure your client for callback
       12. Have the same IP address each time you connect
           1. Configure a Windows 2000 Server computer for IP requests
           2. Configure a Windows 2000 Professional computer for IP requests
           3. Request a specific IP address
   12. 11. Web Services and Security
       1. Host a web site on your computer
          1. Install IIS
          2. Create a web site in IIS
          3. Configure the Default Web Site
       2. Host multiple sites on one IP address
          1. Use host headers
          2. Use different TCP ports
          3. What about Windows 2000 Professional?
       3. Add folders from other computers to your web site
          1. Create virtual directories for a site
       4. Set up SSL for security on a web site
          1. Obtain and install a certificate
          2. Configure a web site for SSL
       5. Manage a web server remotely
          1. Configure Windows 2000’s HTTP-based administration
          2. Use the IIS console for systems on the LAN
          3. Use a VPN and the IIS console for remote systems
       6. A web site you set up returns a 404 or no default page error
          1. Configure default documents
       7. Create a custom web site error message
          1. Create custom error pages
       8. Install and configure FrontPage Server Extensions
          1. Install the extensions
          2. Configure a site for server extensions
       9. Host an FTP site for file transfer
          1. Install the FTP service
          2. Set up an FTP site
          3. Setting FTP site properties and viewing current connections
       10. Hide some FTP folders but still have them available
           1. Set up a virtual FTP directory
       11. Place users in specific FTP folders automatically on connection
           1. Configuring automatic folder direction
       12. Disconnect users from your FTP site automatically
           1. Configure FTP timeout
           2. Disconnect users
       13. Allow remote use of your computer
           1. Set up a Telnet server
           2. Configure Telnet authentication
           3. Display a message at logon
   13. 12. Users, Policies, Certificates, and Security
       1. Protect authenticity of your email
          1. Obtain a certificate from a Certificate Authority (CA)
          2. Send digitally signed messages with Outlook Express
          3. Send digitally signed messages with Outlook
          4. Reading signed messages
       2. Encrypt email so only the recipient can read it
          1. Adding IDs of senders to your address book for signed messages
          2. Obtain the public key from a CA
       3. Configure digital IDs for one or more email accounts
          1. Assign a certificate to an account
       4. Verify that the digital signature attached to an incoming message is valid
          1. Use revocation checking
       5. Move certificates to another computer
          1. Export and import certificates
       6. Keep track of who is using your computer’s resources across the LAN
          1. View connections dynamically
          2. Configure auditing
          3. Enable auditing for specific objects
          4. Configure and monitor the Security log
       7. Keep track of who uses your shared computer locally, and when
          1. Audit logon and logoff
       8. Prevent someone from modifying your registry
          1. Disable remote registry access and modification
          2. Apply permissions to registry keys
          3. Audit registry changes
       9. Restrict what can be done on your computer
          1. Configure user accounts and groups
          2. Protect the filesystem by using NTFS
          3. Apply restrictions through policies and rights
       10. Prevent changes to your system
           1. Prevent changes to your system
       11. Can’t eject a removable NTFS media unless you’re logged in as Administrator
           1. Configure the security policy
       12. Specify when you’ll be prompted to change password prior to its expiration
           1. Change security policy
       13. How (and why) to rename the Administrator account
           1. Change the Administrator account name
       14. How to rename or disable the Guest account
           1. Rename the Guest account
           2. Disable the Guest account
       15. Control what happens when your smart card is removed
           1. Configure smart card removal behavior
       16. Prevent unsigned drivers or services from being installed
           1. Prevent unsigned driver and service installation
       17. Keep another user from shutting down your system
           1. Prevent system shutdown
   14. 13. Backup, Recovery, and Repair
       1. Protect your system against catastrophic failure
          1. Back up critical data
          2. Back up the registry
          3. Back up system state data
          4. Create an emergency repair disk
       2. Perform backups automatically
          1. Schedule automatic backups
          2. Deleting a scheduled job
       3. You can only back up when logged on as Administrator
          1. Configure backup rights
       4. Back up to writable or rewritable CD (CD-R/RW)
          1. Set up the device
          2. Back up to a file
       5. Back up critical Windows 2000 data without using the Backup utility
          1. Recovery Console method
          2. Boot to another OS (FAT/FAT32 volumes only)
       6. Another user’s system won’t boot normally so I need to repair its registry
          1. Editing a single hive
       7. Restore settings after a problem occurs
          1. Use the last known good configuration
          2. Restore the registry from the Repair folder
          3. Restore system state data
          4. Use the ERD
       8. Create a bootable Windows 2000 disk
          1. Create a bootable disk for FAT/FAT32
          2. Create a bootable disk for NTFS
       9. Your only volume is NTFS and Windows 2000 won’t boot
          1. Boot from a diskette
          2. Use the Recovery Console
          3. Use the Windows 2000 Setup disk and ERD
          4. Install another copy of Windows 2000
   15. Index
   16. Colophon